ֿ̹ v + ing ؼ .
	 
	̷   ִ  8  ִµ.
	 
	1. after prepositions.
	 
	2. after certain verbs +object.
	 
	3. as part of a continuous verb form.
	 
	4. after certain verbs.
	 
	5. after despite of in spite of.
	 
	6. as the subject (or part of the subject) of a verb.
	 
	7. in reduced relative clauses.
	 
	8. as an adfective.
	 
	̷ ֽϴ.
	 
	 +  + v -ing  Ǵ  hear, see, watch, feel, imagine, stop, love, like, don't mind, dislike, hate ־.
	 
	 in spite of   ؾ ϴ  ִµ,  
	 
	In spite of raining, I still went shopping.
	 
	̰ ߸ Դϴ.  ־    ؾ ϴ  ̱ ,
	 
	̷쿡 ׳
	 
	In spite of the rain, I still went shopping. ̶    ´ ǥ ̿.
	 
	
	 
	In spite of spending three months in melboourne, my English is not good.
	 
	 ƴ
	 
	In spite of spending three months in Melbouren, I don't English well.
	 
	̰ ´ ǥԴϴ. ־ ϴ ൿ 簡 Ǿ տ ; ϴ .
	 
	   gerund ־  
	 
	Smoking is bad.
	 
	Not smoking is good.
	 
	̷ ʿ not ̸鼭 negative   ֽϴ.
	
	